Guest of the ilb 2002, 2004, 2005
Apti Bisultanov
was born in 1959 in Goitchu, a place near Urus Martan in Chechnya. He
grew up like all Chechens, speaking the officially banned traditional
language and Russian. His father, who returned home wounded from the
Second World War, died early. Bisultanov no longer belongs to that
generation of authors who were born during the deportation of Chechens
(1944-1956) to Kasakhstan or Siberia and who predominantly write in the
Russian language. His working language is Chechen.
He began writing very early and he had his first
publications at the age of seventeen. From 1977 to 1982 Apti Bisultanov
studied in the Faculty of Philosophy at the »Chechen-Ingushetian State
University« in Grozny and afterwards he worked as a teacher. Since this
period he has been publishing regularly in various literary magazines.
In 1986 his first volume of poems appeared, »Nokh – tse – tcho« (t:
plough – fire – house). The title has an association with
»Nokhtchitcho« which means something like »Land of the Chechens«. The
collection »Zkha Illy« (t: The song) followed in 1988. In the same year
Bisultanov became editor for »Chechen Book Publishers« in Grozny. In
1991 his third volume of poems appeared: »Tkesan Indare« (t: Shadows of
lightning). The poems here are dedicated to the victims of the
deportation under Stalin. Those poems of lament, to which Bisultanov
gives the general title »The Poems written in Chaibach«, also tell the
story of the eight hundred inhabitants of the mountain village of
Chaibach who, owing to a heavy fall of snow could not be deported, were
herded into stables and burned to death. The poet received for this
poem in 1992 the »Chechen Poeple's Prize for Literature«. Apti
Bisultanov's poetic language combines philosophical and symbolic
concepts with elaborate metaphors. In it the adoption and preservation
of the Chechen language play an important role. His work moves
thematically between the longing for the lost cultural roots of the
homeland, for a quiet religiosity – Bisultanov belongs to the Sufi
Order of the »Qaddirye« – and the denunciation of wrong to which his
people have been exposed in the twentieth century. From the start the
poet has given his support to the movement for independence. During the
two Chechen wars which claimed more than a hundred thousand human
victims and during which 80% of towns and villages were destroyed
through bombing, Bisultanov, in line with Chechen tradition, did not
take part in the fighting. As a poet he has to take upon himself the
role of the »Illondcha« (singer, narrator) and bear testimony to events
through his songs and poems. In Chechnya Bisultanov is acclaimed by the
people as »Son of the Fathers of Chechnya« and as one of the most
successful literary figures of his generation. Many of his poems have
been set to music and translated into Russian, Turkish and Finnish.
Apti Bisultanov is a member of the international P.E.N. Club and
honorary member of the Russian-Finnish P.E.N. He has been living in
Berlin since 2002, and in 2003 received an award from the Poets of All
Nations Foundation. His collection of poems »Schatten eines Blitzes«
(t: Shadows of lightning« appeared in 2004.
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